CAR-T Cell Therapy Market is set to dominate the Biotech industry


Inherent qualities of immune system 

The immune system of the body is primarily employed to protect the body and build a strong defence against various sorts of infections and chronic diseases. 
Workhorses of the Immune system forms the backbone of the CAR-T gene therapy  
Comprising of billions of cells including, the Lymphatic system consists of bone marrow, spleen, thymus and lymph nodes. Bone marrow produces the T-lymphocytes (T-Cells), which mature in thymus and are stored in spleen. T-cells which help B-lymphocytes in antibody forming, travel throughout the body to fight infection and kill cancerous cells in the body.
The whole essence of the CAR-T cell therapy is based on the property of the T-cells to defend the immune system. 
CAR-T cell therapy involves the venepuncture to get the samples of the T cells. These T-cells then are genetically engineered to produce receptors on their surface called chimeric antigen receptors, or CARs.
CAR-T cell therapy often called adoptive cell transfer (ACT), has captured the attention of the researchers worldwide due to the remarkable outcomes it produced in all of those patients for whom all the other treatments failed to bring relief. 
The recent advancements have swept the healthcare industry by storm. Without a doubt, CAR-T cell therapy is a hope that cancer patients are holding onto. The three main gene therapies approved for cancer are Oncorine (Shanghai Sunway Biotech, Provenge (Dendreon Therapeutics), Imlygic (Amgen), and Kymirah (Novartis) and Yescarta (Gilead Sciences). 
Global Cancer Gene therapy market was observed to be USD 133 billion in 2017, and the figure is projected to reach USD 180—200 billion over the next five years. As per DelveInsight, a global leading Healthcare Market consulting and research firm, out of all the Gene therapies, half of them are based on oncolytic vectors for targeting cancer.
Oncorine, approved in China in the year 2006, a product of Shanghai Sunway Biotech, reported the sales of USD 1 Million in the year 2017. 
On the other hand, Amgen's Imlygic, in similar lines of Oncorine, is an oncolytic virus-based gene therapy, reported the sales of around USD 45 Million. Valeant's Provenge, despite facing several hurdles like manufacturing issues and a strong face-off with Zytiga and Xtandi, was able to grab the maximum Cancer gene therapy market share of around USD 164 Million. In 2018, the company boasted of treating around 4000 patients every year with its cancer gene therapy- Provenge- out of the total 40,000 patients.
However, the journey has not been and will never be easy for the pharmaceuticals working towards advancing the CAR-T use for treating different types of cancers. 
Downsides of CAR-T gene therapy 
The downfall of Dendreon Therapeutics is a classic example of the impact of a financial burden on the developer company when it comes to the development, approval and revenue generation after commercialization of the gene therapies. 
The attached cost of the therapy like for Kymriah the annual cost is around USD 475,000 and USD for Yescarta it's 75,00USD, always makes it unattainable for the patients who are in dire need of the treatment. 
Despite major setbacks and underwhelming responses, the CAR-T cell therapy has kept on moving forward, and today nearly 30+ active companies are developing around 47 gene therapies as both monotherapy and in combination in multiple oncological indications. 
Key companies developing CAR-T gene therapies 
Several major players, such as Takara Bio, Advaxis, SillaJen, OncoSec, Advantagene, MultiVir and many others are involved in CAR-T pipeline development targeting numerous cancer indications. 
Last decade saw the collaboration and partnership between several companies and institutes for developing the CAR-T therapies using advanced proprietary drug delivery platforms. 
Among them, Advaxis, Advantagene, Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Marsala Biotech and SillaJen are leading the race with their products in pivotal stages of development. 

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